Technical Specifications & Performance Parameters:
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Model: M-3425A
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Catalog ID: M-3425A
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Protection Elements: Includes Out-of-Step (78), Split Phase Differential (50DT), Under Frequency Time Accumulation (81A), Inadvertent Energizing (50/27), Turn-to-Turn Fault (59X), Over/Under Voltage (27/59), Over/Under Frequency (81), Loss of Excitation, 100% Stator Ground (64S via low freq injection), Field Ground (64F), Load Encroachment (21), Power Swing Blocking.
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Measurement Accuracy: Voltage/Current ±0.2%, Frequency ±0.002 Hz, Power ±0.5%
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Sampling Rate: 64 points/cycle (3.84 kHz @ 60 Hz)
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Trip Response Time: < 20 ms typical
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Communications: 2 x RS-485 (Modbus RTU / DNP 3.0), 1 x 10/100 Mbps Ethernet (Modbus TCP, DNP3 over IP), IPScom® software support
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I/O: Base unit plus options for expanded I/O (15 additional outputs, 8 additional control/status inputs)
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Display: Optional 4.3-inch color LCD with phasor diagram (depending on HMI config)
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Operating Temp: -40 °C to +70 °C (no condensation)
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Dimensions: Height 5.21 in, Width 19 in (rack mount), Depth 10.2 in, Weight 17 lb
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Compliance: IEEE C37.102, IEEE 242, ANSI C37.90, IEC 60255, UL 508, CSA, CE
Material Composition & Structure:
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Enclosure: Metal chassis with front panel (rack mount 19″ standard or flush mount bezel)
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Internal: Multilayer PCB with high-resolution ADCs, DSP/MCU, isolated communication transceivers, precision CT/VT interface circuits
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Terminals: Screw-type or pluggable terminal blocks for CT, VT, DC, Relay contacts
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Display (if equipped): Ruggedized LCD with protective overlay
Functional Features & Working Principle:
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Working Principle: Continuously samples generator voltage, current, and frequency signals, calculates phasor quantities (magnitude, angle, sequence components), and executes protection logic algorithms to issue trip/close commands or alarms when thresholds are violated.
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Integrated Protection Logic: Programmable elements allow custom logic schemes linking inputs to outputs for complex protection scenarios (islanding, black start, microgrid).
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Advanced Ground Fault Protection: Supports low-frequency injection for 100% stator ground coverage and field ground/brush lift-off detection.
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IPScom® Software: PC-based tool for setting, monitoring, event recording, and waveform analysis (disturbance records).
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Synch Check & Out-of-Step: Provides impedance-based protection with blinders and timers for system stability.
Application Scenarios:
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Standby and prime power diesel/gas generator sets
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Hydroelectric generator protection
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Cogeneration (CHP) and renewable energy virtual synchronous generators
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Microgrids and distributed energy resource (DER) interconnection
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Industrial plant power generation facilities
Installation Requirements & Usage Notes:
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Panel cutout must conform to ANSI C37.90 or manufacturer dimensions for secure mounting.
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CT secondary circuits must not be opened during operation; ensure proper burden and ratio settings.
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VT connections must be fused and isolated; verify phasing (ABC vs ACB) during commissioning.
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Ground the relay chassis properly to the station ground grid to ensure noise immunity and safety.
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Regular testing using secondary injection is recommended to verify protection element settings.
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Use shielded twisted pair for communication cables and segregate from high-voltage wiring.
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